The remote precedent of the current High Court of Justice of the Balearic Islands was the Royal Court of Majorca, granted  in 1571 by Philip II with jurisdiction in criminal and civil matters. Its appeals were lodged before the Council of Aragon until the Nueva Planta Decree of 1715. Since then, the appeals were lodged before the Council of Castile. 

The attempt to modify the judicial structures, foreseen in the Cadiz Constitution (1812), came into being in 1834. The text, born from provisional regulations finally consolidated by the Organic Law of the Judiciary of 1870, created the Magistrates Court of Palma of Majorca. This judicial organ was the nearest precedent of the High Court of Justice. 

As a member organ of the judicial structure, the High Court of Justice of the Balearic Islands was modelled on the Organic Law of the Judiciary of 1985. It was constituted on the 23^rd of May of 1989 with the seat in Palma of Majorca.