Castile-La Mancha dates back to 1834, when a Royal Decree created the territorial court of Albacete with civil and criminal jurisdiction extending to the provinces of Ciudad Real, Cuenca and Murcia. It is the direct descendant of the current high court. 

It was then that the at-the-time town of Albacete commenced its long legal tradition.

The initial years of the territorial court of Albacete were not easy. Between 1834 and 1840, as a result of the First Carlist War, it was necessary to transfer the seat of the territorial court on three occasions, to Murcia, Peñas de San Pedro (Albacete) and Cartagena (Murcia), though it never lost its Albaceta proprietorship.   

Ultimately it established itself permanently in the town, and beginning in 1860 had its own building, the work of Albaceta architect Francisco Jareño, which was erected over the old Convent of San Augustine in Albacete.   

At the same location on Calle San Agustín, though in a new building since 1980, is the new seat of the present high court of Justice of Castile-La Mancha.  

The high courts, with their present structure and territorial demarcation, spring from the plan created in article 26 of substantive law of the judiciary of 1985. They were established 23 May 1989. The old territorial courts now became a thing of the past, giving rise to a judicial model that included the autonomous map and was adapted to the requirements of the 1978 Constitution. The high court takes the name of the autonomous community.    

The jurisdictional instances of the region are completed in the high court of Castile-La Mancha, without affecting the jurisdictional authority of the Supreme Court. 

The high court is currently divided into three chambers:

• Civil and Criminal Court
• Contentious-Administrative Court
• Employment Tribunal